Dunia Listrik - C vs C++

Dennis Ritchie of the Bell Labs designed the C, a general purpose computer programming language in 1972 for use with UNIX, an operating system of then. C is predominantly used for system software programming, but is also very useful for creating general application software. Some of the adjectives used to describe C are block structured, imperative & procedural language.

C++(originally named "C with Classes" and still known as the superstructure of C in computer circles) was developed as an enhancement of C by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1983 at the Bell Labs. Stroustrup, in 1979, started by adding classes, virtual functions, operator overloading, multiple inheritance, templates, exception handling etc. The C++ programming language standard was ratified as ISO/IEC 14882:1998 in 1998 and the current version is the 2003 version, ISO/IEC 14882:2003 which is infact the corrected version of the C++ 1998. The "Library Technical Report 1", released in 2005 gives details of extensions to the standard library without being a part of the standar version. A new version of the standard (informally known as C++0x) is under development. C++ has been a highly successful commercial programming language since 1990. Though C++ is royalty-free, its documentation is not freely available.

Here are some differences between C and C++

Typing Discipline	Static, Weak	Static, Strong, Unsafe, Nominative
Paradigms	Imperative (procedural) systems implementation language	Multi-paradigm, Object-Oriented, Generic, Procedural, Functional, Meta
Designed by	Dennis Ritchie	Bjarne Stroustrup
Influenced	awk, csh, C++, C#, Objective-C, BitC, D, Concurrent C, Java,JavaScript, Limbo, Perl, PHP	Ada 95, C#, Java, PHP, D, Aikido
Influenced by	B (BCPL,CPL), ALGOL 68, Assembly	C, Simula, Ada 83, ALGOL 68, CLU, ML
Major Implementations	GCC, MSVC, Borland C, Watcom C	GNU Compiler Collection, Microsoft Visual C++, Borland C++ Builder, Intel C++ Compiler, LLVM/Clang
Appeared in	1972	1985
Garbage Collection	Manual; allows better management of memory.	No GC available on the C++ standard library (STD). However, STD provides efficient and deterministic ways to manage resource such as object ownership and reference counting.
Speed	C applications are faster to compile and execute than C++ applications	+-5% when compared with C if you know how to make a good use of C++. The performance of C++ and C programs can often be equal, since compilers for both languages are mature.
Usual filename extensions	.c	.cc, .cpp, .cxx, .h, .hh, .hpp
Programming-include	#include	#include
Platforms	Almost anything on the planet; requires recompile	Almost anything, including OS-based and non OS-based platforms
Programming-String type	No native string type; often declared as an array of characters	Array, std::string
OOP (Object Oriented Programming)	Not built in; freedom to setup structures to act like objects. Lacks the ability to declare encapsulation.	Built in; size and memory layout of objects is deterministic. Virtual function calls can be done without vtable via CRTP.
Classes	Uses structures instead, and hence bestows more liberty to use internal design elements	class and struct
Programming-input /output	scanf for input;printf for output	iostream, fstream (std::cin, std::cout)
Language Type	Procedural Oriented Language	Multi-Paradigm Object Oriented Language
Developed by	Dennis Ritchie & Bell Labs	Bjarne Stroustrup
Execution Flow	Top to Bottom	Top to Bottom
Object-oriented	Not natively	Yes
Generic Programming	No	Yes
Procedural Programming	Yes	Yes
Functional Programming	Yes	Partial
Metaprogramming	No	Yes
Reflection	No	No
code	Compiled to native binary executable files	Compiled to native binary executable files
Inline comments delimiter	//	//
Block comments delimiter	/* and */	/* and */
Statement terminators	;	;
Multidimensional arrays supported	Yes	Yes
Arrays dynamically sized	No	No
Platform	Any that has a compiler	Any that has a compiler

References:

http://www.diffen.com/difference/C_vs_C%2B%2B